Children with FAS are reported to have high rates of visual and hearing problems (Stratton, Howe & Battaglia, 1996, 157). The development of the brain is closely tied in the developing embryo to the development of the sense organs, especially hearing and seeing. Because of this, developmental anomalies in these sensory systems are common, and if present they may result in Learning or Communication Disorders. Learning disorders can be caused by difficulties in sensory input, such as Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD). In fact, Malbin (1993) has suggested that slow processing of auditory or visual stimuli may result in slow cognitive pace, meaning that persons with FAS/ARND may need longer to process information than other people (Johnson, 1999, 29).
Alcohol-related birth defects may include small optic globes (short palpebral fissures, a defining feature of the “FAS face”), strabismus, retinal vascular anomalies, and refractive problems secondary to small globes (Stratton, Howe & Battaglia, 1996, 4-5).
Visual acuity may be compromised by the short distance from the lens to the retina (small optic globes) or the shape of the lens. …retinal abnormalities may be found…(Ibid., p. 157).[RMS1]
[RMS1] Check your CAPD files for something to cite.